Infield superconducting properties of nano-sized Ag added Cu_(0.5)Tl_(0.5)Ba_2Ca_2Cu_3O_(10-δ)

Infield superconducting properties of {(Ag)_x/CUTl-1223};(x = 0, 0.5,1.0.2.0 and 4.0 wt %) nanoparticlessuperconductor composites were investigated under different applied magnetic field up to H = 8 T. The increase in critical temperature {T_c(0)} and decrease in normal state resistivity(p_o) were observed with increasing contents of Ag nanoparticles in CuTl-1223 superconducting matrix. The value of T_c~(onset)(K) remained almost unaffected by applying external magnetic field, but a decreasing trend in T_c(0) was observed by increasing the value of external applied magnetic field. The transition region below T_c~(onset)(K) showed Arrhenius behavior due to thermally activated flow of magnetic vortices. Enhancement in flux flow activation energy(U_o) and suppression in transition width(ΔT) of CuTl-1223 phase with addition of Ag nanoparticles showed the improvement in flux pinning strength of superconductor.     

Temperature distribution study during the friction stir welding process of Al2024-T3 aluminum alloy

Heat flux characteristics are critical to good quality welding obtained in the important engineering alloy Al2024-T3 by the friction stir welding (FSW) process. In the present study, thermocouples in three different configurations were affixed on the welding samples to measure the temperatures: in the first configuration, four thermocouples were placed at equivalent positions along one side of the welding direction; the second configuration involved two equivalent thermocouple locations on either side of the welding path; while the third configuration had all the thermocouples on one side of the layout but with unequal gaps from the welding line. A three-dimensional, non-linear ANSYS computational model, based on an approach applied to Al2024-T3 for the first time, was used to simulate the welding temperature profiles obtained experimentally. The experimental thermal profiles on the whole were found to be in agreement with those calculated by the ANSYS model. The broad agreement between the two kinds of profiles validates the basis for derivation of the simulation model and provides an approach for the FSW simulation in Al2024-T3 and is potentially more useful than models derived previously.     

Electronic structure of the iron-based superconductor LaOFeP

The recent discovery of superconductivity in the iron oxypnictide family of compounds has generated intense interest. The layered crystal structure with transition-metal ions in planar square-lattice form and the discovery of spin-density-wave order near 130 K (refs 10, 11) seem to hint at a strong similarity with the copper oxide superconductors. An important current issue is the nature of the ground state of the parent compounds. Two distinct classes of theories, distinguished by the underlying band structure, have been put forward: a local-moment antiferromagnetic ground state in the strong-coupling approach, and an itinerant ground state in the weak-coupling approach. The first approach stresses on-site correlations, proximity to a Mott-insulating state and, thus, the resemblance to the high-transition-temperature copper oxides, whereas the second approach emphasizes the itinerant-electron physics and the interplay between the competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic fluctuations. The debate over the two approaches is partly due to the lack of conclusive experimental information on the electronic structures. Here we report angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) of LaOFeP (superconducting transition temperature, T(c) = 5.9 K), the first-reported iron-based superconductor. Our results favour the itinerant ground state, albeit with band renormalization. In addition, our data reveal important differences between these and copper-based superconductors.     

An approach for QoS measurement and web service selection sureness

Web services have gained popularity m recent years anu prowue a new moue, u~ w~u, w,,,~,, ,~- cilitates interaction of scientific and business applications through the Internet. More often, several services with similar functionality are available from a large and changing number of service provid- ers. Quality of Service （QoS） is the dominant factor in service selection and is of great importance to users. In this paper, we propose a model for QoS measurement and web services selection. The model consists of QoS model, QoS monitoring, QoS comparison and service selection with a QoS feedback mechanism. The most suitable service is to take into account the agreed QoS, monitoring is done during invocation phase and if any deviation is recorded, next suitable service is selected. Fi- nally the model is proved to be feasible and effective by simulation experiments.     

Bilirubin sensor based on CuO-CdO composites deposited in a nafion/glassy carbon electrode matrixes

Copper oxide-cadmium oxide nanocomposites(CuO-CdO NCs) were synthesized by solvothermal technique in a basic medium. CuO-CdO NCs were characterized using conventional techniques, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR), UV–Visible Spectroscopy(UV/Vis), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM), X-ray electron dispersive spectroscopy(XEDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and powder X-ray diffraction(XRD). A selective and enzyme-less Bilirubin(BLR) sensor was developed with a thin-layer of NCs onto a glassy carbon electrode(GCE, surface area = 0.0316 cm~2) using 5% nafion binders at room conditions. Improved electrochemical performances of higher sensitivity, lower detection limit,linear dynamic range(LDR), and long-term stability of preferred BLR were achieved by a reliable currentvoltage(I-V) approach. The calibration curve was found linear(R~2= 0.9347) in a wide range of BLR concentration(10.0 pM ~ 10.0 mM). Based on the signal to noise ratio value of 3, the sensitivity and limit of detection(LOD) of the sensor were calculated as 95.0 pA μM~(-1) cm~(-2) and 1.0 ± 0.1 pM respectively.Solvothermally synthesized CuO-CdO NCs/GCE is an excellent advancement of developing a selective and sensitive BLR sensor by electrochemical approach and practically implemented in real sample applications.     

A centrosomal mechanism involving CDK5RAP2 and CENPJ controls brain size

Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly is a potential model in which to research genes involved in human brain growth. We show that two forms of the disorder result from homozygous mutations in the genes CDK5RAP2 and CENPJ. We found neuroepithelial expression of the genes during prenatal neurogenesis and protein localization to the spindle poles of mitotic cells, suggesting that a centrosomal mechanism controls neuron number in the developing mammalian brain.     

Suitable energy platform significantly improves charge separation of g-C_3N_4 for CO_2 reduction and pollutant oxidation under visible-light

The photocatalytic activities of g-C_3N_4 can be significantly improved by increasing life time of the photogenerated charges. Here, in this work we introduced TiO_2 as proper energy platform to accept the photogenerated electrons from g-C_3N_4 during photocatalysis. The nanophotocatalysts formed from the combination of a suitable amount of TiO_2 nanoparticles and g-C_3N_4 nanosheets showed 8.75 and 4.22% enhancement in photocatalytic activities for CO_2 reduction and 2-chlorophenol(2-CP) degradation under visible light illumination as compared to bare g-C_3N_4. Based on the surface photovoltage spectra, photoluminescence spectra and examination of formed hydroxyl radicals, it was confirmed that these enhanced photoactivities were attributed to the much-improved charge separation via the electron transfer from g-C_3N_4 to TiO_2. From trapping experiments,it was found that hydroxyl radicals were the major species involved in the photocatalytic degradation of 2-CP.This study is helpful to synthesize efficient photocatalysts to cope with energy and environmental issues.